19th Century History: Most Popular Articles
These articles are the most popular over the last month.
Election of 1824
The election of 1824 was decided in the US House of Representatives, and when John Quincy Adams won, defeating Andrew Jackson, the entire affair was denounced as "The Corrupt Bargain." It was, until the disputed election of 2000, the most controversial American election.
The election of 1824 was decided in the US House of Representatives, and when John Quincy Adams won, defeating Andrew Jackson, the entire affair was denounced as "The Corrupt Bargain." It was, until the disputed election of 2000, the most controversial American election.
Election of 1800
The election of 1800 was significant and controversial, and was ultimately decided in the House of Representatives when Thomas Jefferson defeated Aaron Burr.
The election of 1800 was significant and controversial, and was ultimately decided in the House of Representatives when Thomas Jefferson defeated Aaron Burr.
Election of 1860
The election of 1860 is one of the most important in American history, as it came at a time of national crisis and brought Abraham Lincoln to the White House.
The election of 1860 is one of the most important in American history, as it came at a time of national crisis and brought Abraham Lincoln to the White House.
Timelines of the 1800s
The 19th century was a time of tremendous change, and this comprehensive timeline will help you navigate through the decades of the 1800s.
The 19th century was a time of tremendous change, and this comprehensive timeline will help you navigate through the decades of the 1800s.
Election of 1828
The election of 1828 was one of the dirtiest in American history, and by the time Andrew Jackson won the elecion, charges and accusations had tarnished the reputation of both Jackson and the incumbent he ran against, John Quincy Adams.
The election of 1828 was one of the dirtiest in American history, and by the time Andrew Jackson won the elecion, charges and accusations had tarnished the reputation of both Jackson and the incumbent he ran against, John Quincy Adams.
Timeline: India in the 1800s
Britain's involvement with India began modestly at the beginnings of the 1600s, and by the 1800s British citizens living in India had created their own Anglo-Indian society. The British Raj, as it was known, was a fascinating chapter in history.
Britain's involvement with India began modestly at the beginnings of the 1600s, and by the 1800s British citizens living in India had created their own Anglo-Indian society. The British Raj, as it was known, was a fascinating chapter in history.
Brief History of Whaling
The whaling industry flourished in New England from about 1820 to 1860, until the demand for oil for illumination was replaced by oil taken from the ground.
The whaling industry flourished in New England from about 1820 to 1860, until the demand for oil for illumination was replaced by oil taken from the ground.
Political Parties of the 1800s
The 19th century gave birth to today's political parties, but it also saw the emergence and extinction of a number of other parties. Some were the parties of presidents, and some seemed to have been doomed for failure and obscurity.
The 19th century gave birth to today's political parties, but it also saw the emergence and extinction of a number of other parties. Some were the parties of presidents, and some seemed to have been doomed for failure and obscurity.
Know-Nothing Party
Learn about the American political party called the Know-Nothings, which campaigned against immigrants, specifically new arrivals from Ireland in the 1840s and 1850s.
Learn about the American political party called the Know-Nothings, which campaigned against immigrants, specifically new arrivals from Ireland in the 1840s and 1850s.
Compromise of 1877
Definition of Compromise of 1877
Definition of Compromise of 1877
The Mexican War
The Mexican War, fought between the United States and Mexico in the mid-1840s, was a triumph for the US and greatly increased American territory. It was wildly popular in its day though some critics denounced it at the time, and its origins remain a topic of debate to this day. Military leaders of the American Civil War, including Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant, received valuable experience in Mexican battles.
The Mexican War, fought between the United States and Mexico in the mid-1840s, was a triumph for the US and greatly increased American territory. It was wildly popular in its day though some critics denounced it at the time, and its origins remain a topic of debate to this day. Military leaders of the American Civil War, including Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant, received valuable experience in Mexican battles.
1814 Burning of Washington
The burning of Washington in 1814 by British troops was a humiliating episode in American history which is generally overshadowed by the events of three weeks later, which inspired Francis Scott Key to write the "Star-Spangled Banner."
The burning of Washington in 1814 by British troops was a humiliating episode in American history which is generally overshadowed by the events of three weeks later, which inspired Francis Scott Key to write the "Star-Spangled Banner."
Tammany Hall
Tammany Hall was political machine that ran New York City through a system of political patronage, and it was the epitome of corrupt politics in the 1800s. Started in the 1780s as a patriotic and social club, the organization evolved into a power center and was the political home of such figures as Martin Van Buren, William Marcy "Boss" Tweed, and Richard "Boss" Croker.
Tammany Hall was political machine that ran New York City through a system of political patronage, and it was the epitome of corrupt politics in the 1800s. Started in the 1780s as a patriotic and social club, the organization evolved into a power center and was the political home of such figures as Martin Van Buren, William Marcy "Boss" Tweed, and Richard "Boss" Croker.
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 was envisioned as a compromise over slavery, but it wound up inflaming passions on both sides of the issue and becoming a major stepping stone on the path to Civil War.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 was envisioned as a compromise over slavery, but it wound up inflaming passions on both sides of the issue and becoming a major stepping stone on the path to Civil War.
Battle of Fredericksburg
The Battle of Fredericksburg made it clear that the Civil War would not be a short affair. Abraham Lincoln had hoped the rebellion of the southern states would end in late 1862, with the Union Army attacking Robert E. Lee's army at Fredericksburg, Virginia to win war. But the Union attack went horribly wrong, the Confederates scored a major victory, and the citizens of the northern states sadly realized that the war was nowhere close to being finished.
The Battle of Fredericksburg made it clear that the Civil War would not be a short affair. Abraham Lincoln had hoped the rebellion of the southern states would end in late 1862, with the Union Army attacking Robert E. Lee's army at Fredericksburg, Virginia to win war. But the Union attack went horribly wrong, the Confederates scored a major victory, and the citizens of the northern states sadly realized that the war was nowhere close to being finished.
Assassination of Lincoln
The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre on April 14, 1865 shocked the United States just at the end of the Civil War. The horrifying news traveled quickly by telegraph, and newspapers across the country published special editions informing the public of the tragedy. Illustrated magazines soon allowed citizens to get a sense of what had happened. Images of the Lincoln assassination were fascinating then, and remain so to this day.
The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre on April 14, 1865 shocked the United States just at the end of the Civil War. The horrifying news traveled quickly by telegraph, and newspapers across the country published special editions informing the public of the tragedy. Illustrated magazines soon allowed citizens to get a sense of what had happened. Images of the Lincoln assassination were fascinating then, and remain so to this day.
Krakatoa Volcano
The colossal eruption of the volcano at Krakatoa in the Pacific Ocean became a worldwide weather and media event in 1883. Sunsets around the world were colored red by particles blasted into the atmosphere, and the news traveling by telegraph brought amazing accounts to newspaper readers around the globe.
The colossal eruption of the volcano at Krakatoa in the Pacific Ocean became a worldwide weather and media event in 1883. Sunsets around the world were colored red by particles blasted into the atmosphere, and the news traveling by telegraph brought amazing accounts to newspaper readers around the globe.
1830-1840 Timeline
The 1830s was a decade marked by railroad building in America, Opium Wars in Asia, and the ascension to the British throne of the woman who whose name would come to define the century, Queen Victoria.
The 1830s was a decade marked by railroad building in America, Opium Wars in Asia, and the ascension to the British throne of the woman who whose name would come to define the century, Queen Victoria.
Abraham Lincoln Timeline
The timeline of the life of Abraham Lincoln's early life documents the 16th president's rise from his humble birth in a log cabin in Kentucky to his career as an Illinois lawyer and potential presidential candidate.
The timeline of the life of Abraham Lincoln's early life documents the 16th president's rise from his humble birth in a log cabin in Kentucky to his career as an Illinois lawyer and potential presidential candidate.
1800-1810 Timeline
The decade from 1800 to 1810 represented a time of expansion and exploration in the United States and a time of warfare and turmoil in Europe.
The decade from 1800 to 1810 represented a time of expansion and exploration in the United States and a time of warfare and turmoil in Europe.
Retreat from Kabul, 1842
A British force occupied the Afghan capital of Kabul in the late 1830s, but a revolt forced 16,000 to retreat from the city in January 1842. The columns of British troops were attacked mercilessly by Afghan tribesmen, and only one man, an army surgeon, lived to tell the story.
A British force occupied the Afghan capital of Kabul in the late 1830s, but a revolt forced 16,000 to retreat from the city in January 1842. The columns of British troops were attacked mercilessly by Afghan tribesmen, and only one man, an army surgeon, lived to tell the story.
H.M.S. Beagle
When the British Admiralty sent the ship H.M.S. Beagle around the world in the early 1800s the research vessel carried a "gentleman passenger" whose observations would help lead to his writings about the theory of evolution. Charles Darwin, who would spend nearly five years on the voyage, would have his thinking influenced by his observations in South America, the Galapagos Islands, and the South Pacific.
When the British Admiralty sent the ship H.M.S. Beagle around the world in the early 1800s the research vessel carried a "gentleman passenger" whose observations would help lead to his writings about the theory of evolution. Charles Darwin, who would spend nearly five years on the voyage, would have his thinking influenced by his observations in South America, the Galapagos Islands, and the South Pacific.
Irish History: The 1800s
The history of Ireland in the 1800s was marked by the Great Famine as well as by a series of rebellions against British rule.
The history of Ireland in the 1800s was marked by the Great Famine as well as by a series of rebellions against British rule.
1840 Presidential Campaign
The 1840 American presidential campaign waged by William Henry Harrison and Martin Van Buren employed songs and slogans and was the precursor of the modern political campaign. It produced the immortal slogan "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too" as well as a president who only served a month in office.
The 1840 American presidential campaign waged by William Henry Harrison and Martin Van Buren employed songs and slogans and was the precursor of the modern political campaign. It produced the immortal slogan "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too" as well as a president who only served a month in office.
Missouri Compromise
The crisis prompted in 1820 when Missouri sought to enter the Union as a slave state resulted in a great compromise which attempted to lessen the enormous tensions caused by slavery, the great divisive issue in early 19th century America.
The crisis prompted in 1820 when Missouri sought to enter the Union as a slave state resulted in a great compromise which attempted to lessen the enormous tensions caused by slavery, the great divisive issue in early 19th century America.
Election Day in November
The tradition of holding America's presidential election on a Tuesday in November began in the 1800s, and was established in law in the 1840s.
The tradition of holding America's presidential election on a Tuesday in November began in the 1800s, and was established in law in the 1840s.
Custer: Facts and Photos
George Armstrong Custer defined an era in the American West, and the tragic circumstances of his death at the Little Bighorn in 1876 horrified and captivated the nation. Before meeting his end on the plains, he served with some distinction in the Civil War.
George Armstrong Custer defined an era in the American West, and the tragic circumstances of his death at the Little Bighorn in 1876 horrified and captivated the nation. Before meeting his end on the plains, he served with some distinction in the Civil War.
Bismarck, the Iron Chancellor
The great Prussian diplomat and political strategist Otto von Bismarck provoked several wars while engaging in his life's work of unifying Germany in the late 1800s. The "Iron Chancellor" essentially led Germany for decades, and was one of the most influential figures of the 19th century.
The great Prussian diplomat and political strategist Otto von Bismarck provoked several wars while engaging in his life's work of unifying Germany in the late 1800s. The "Iron Chancellor" essentially led Germany for decades, and was one of the most influential figures of the 19th century.
Tecumseh
The Indian chief Tecumseh led a confederation of Indian tribes against encroachment by whites upon Indian lands in what is now Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. His conflict with William Henry Harrison became a frontier legend, and after his death in the War of 1812 he was a respected figure in both the Indian and white cultures.
The Indian chief Tecumseh led a confederation of Indian tribes against encroachment by whites upon Indian lands in what is now Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. His conflict with William Henry Harrison became a frontier legend, and after his death in the War of 1812 he was a respected figure in both the Indian and white cultures.
Haymarket Riot
The riot in Haymarket Square in Chicago in May 1886 began when a bomb was thrown into a crowd of protesters. Police and civilians died and the American labor movement suffered a serious setback. Anarchists were arrested for the bombing, convicted and hanged, though their trial was later found to have been unfair.
The riot in Haymarket Square in Chicago in May 1886 began when a bomb was thrown into a crowd of protesters. Police and civilians died and the American labor movement suffered a serious setback. Anarchists were arrested for the bombing, convicted and hanged, though their trial was later found to have been unfair.
Financial Panics of the 1800s
Financial panics gripped the American economy periodically in the 19th century. Some created major depressions, causing widespread failures of banks, businesses, and even farms.
Financial panics gripped the American economy periodically in the 19th century. Some created major depressions, causing widespread failures of banks, businesses, and even farms.
The Golden Spike is Driven
The final spike for the transcontinental railroad was driven on May 10, 1869, at Promontory Point, Utah.
The final spike for the transcontinental railroad was driven on May 10, 1869, at Promontory Point, Utah.
New York's Five Points
Learn about the Five Points, a notorious neighborhood in New York City in the 1800s. The area, named for the intersection of several streets, was home to gangs, and reformers constantly cited it as one of the most dangerous areas in the world.
Learn about the Five Points, a notorious neighborhood in New York City in the 1800s. The area, named for the intersection of several streets, was home to gangs, and reformers constantly cited it as one of the most dangerous areas in the world.
Irish Rebellions of the 1800s
Ireland was marked by a series of rebellions throughout the 1800s as the Irish fought against British rule. The century of rebellion actually began with the Uprising of 1798, which was closely followed by the uprising organized by Robert Emmett in 1803. The Fenian Uprising occurred mid-century, and other agitation and outright revolt against the British took place throughout the entire century.
Ireland was marked by a series of rebellions throughout the 1800s as the Irish fought against British rule. The century of rebellion actually began with the Uprising of 1798, which was closely followed by the uprising organized by Robert Emmett in 1803. The Fenian Uprising occurred mid-century, and other agitation and outright revolt against the British took place throughout the entire century.
Senator Beaten With a Cane
Tensions over slavery boiled over in May 1856, as attacks in Kansas amounted to a small-scale civil war. And the violence even reached the US Capitol, where a Congressman from South Carolina, Preston Brooks, beat a Senator from Massachusetts, Charles Sumner. Brooks felt that a speech Sumner gave condemning slavery deserved physical punishment.
Tensions over slavery boiled over in May 1856, as attacks in Kansas amounted to a small-scale civil war. And the violence even reached the US Capitol, where a Congressman from South Carolina, Preston Brooks, beat a Senator from Massachusetts, Charles Sumner. Brooks felt that a speech Sumner gave condemning slavery deserved physical punishment.
Election of 1876
The election of 1876 was close and controversial, and the winner of the popular vote was denied the White House. In a deal made with a congressional commission, Rutherford B. Hayes wound up defeating Samuel J. Tilden, who had probably won the election.
The election of 1876 was close and controversial, and the winner of the popular vote was denied the White House. In a deal made with a congressional commission, Rutherford B. Hayes wound up defeating Samuel J. Tilden, who had probably won the election.
Building the Erie Canal
The Erie Canal, built between 1817 and 1825, dramatically transformed the young American nation by making trade possible between the cities of the east coast and the inland territories. The canal was an engineering marvel, and its economic success made New York known as the "Empire State."
The Erie Canal, built between 1817 and 1825, dramatically transformed the young American nation by making trade possible between the cities of the east coast and the inland territories. The canal was an engineering marvel, and its economic success made New York known as the "Empire State."
The Great Famine
The Great Famine that ravaged the potato crop in Ireland in the 1840s caused widespread starvation, thanks in part to the British Empire's handling of the crisis. The population of Ireland would be cut in half, and waves of Irish immigrants landing in North America would have effects that resonated for decades. Lowly spores infecting the potato would eventually remake both Ireland and the United States.
The Great Famine that ravaged the potato crop in Ireland in the 1840s caused widespread starvation, thanks in part to the British Empire's handling of the crisis. The population of Ireland would be cut in half, and waves of Irish immigrants landing in North America would have effects that resonated for decades. Lowly spores infecting the potato would eventually remake both Ireland and the United States.
Andrew Jackson's Inauguration in 1829 Was a Very Unruly Celebration
When Andrew Jackson was inaugurated on March 4, 1829 exuberant crowds gathered at the Capitol. Later, at a reception at the White House, guest became so unruly that the celebration was moved outside onto the lawn.
When Andrew Jackson was inaugurated on March 4, 1829 exuberant crowds gathered at the Capitol. Later, at a reception at the White House, guest became so unruly that the celebration was moved outside onto the lawn.
Johnstown Flood
The Johnstown Flood of May 31, 1889 was the biggest news story to hit American since the Civil War. More than 2,000 people were killed when a wall of water sped down a valley and devastated an industrial town in western Pennsylvania, in calamity that was, by most accounts, avoidable.
The Johnstown Flood of May 31, 1889 was the biggest news story to hit American since the Civil War. More than 2,000 people were killed when a wall of water sped down a valley and devastated an industrial town in western Pennsylvania, in calamity that was, by most accounts, avoidable.
Communication Revolution
In the 19th century the world was changed profoundly by the telegraph, which made transmission of news almost instantaneous. A transatlantic cable made communication possible between America and Europe, and by the end of the century nearly every corner of the world had been reached by the telegraph wire.
In the 19th century the world was changed profoundly by the telegraph, which made transmission of news almost instantaneous. A transatlantic cable made communication possible between America and Europe, and by the end of the century nearly every corner of the world had been reached by the telegraph wire.
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates in 1858 took place in a Senate race in Illinois, yet they had national significance. Abraham Lincoln was known locally as a rising political star, and Senator Stephen A. Douglas already stood near the zenith of American politics. Their seven Lincoln-Douglas Debates across Illinois dealt with the critical issue of the day, and was a prelude to Lincoln's election as president and the outbreak of Civil War.
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates in 1858 took place in a Senate race in Illinois, yet they had national significance. Abraham Lincoln was known locally as a rising political star, and Senator Stephen A. Douglas already stood near the zenith of American politics. Their seven Lincoln-Douglas Debates across Illinois dealt with the critical issue of the day, and was a prelude to Lincoln's election as president and the outbreak of Civil War.
Classic Slave Narratives
A handful of accounts written by former slaves have been hailed as classics of American writing. These authors, all of whom struggled to achieve freedom, told their stories and helped galvanize the abolition movement in America.
A handful of accounts written by former slaves have been hailed as classics of American writing. These authors, all of whom struggled to achieve freedom, told their stories and helped galvanize the abolition movement in America.
Pierre de Coubertin
The founder of the modern Olympics was an unlikely sports hero, a French aristocrat who felt physical education was sorely needed in his country. Pierre de Coubertin waged a one-man crusade to promote athletics, and he managed to organize the first modern Olympics in Athens in 1896.
The founder of the modern Olympics was an unlikely sports hero, a French aristocrat who felt physical education was sorely needed in his country. Pierre de Coubertin waged a one-man crusade to promote athletics, and he managed to organize the first modern Olympics in Athens in 1896.
1807 US Slave Trade Act
The United States Constitution mandated that no law prohibiting the importation of slaves could be passed until 1808. And the US Congress and President Thomas Jefferson passed a law in early 1807 that would outlaw the trans-Atlantic slave trade on January 1, 1808.
The United States Constitution mandated that no law prohibiting the importation of slaves could be passed until 1808. And the US Congress and President Thomas Jefferson passed a law in early 1807 that would outlaw the trans-Atlantic slave trade on January 1, 1808.
Products Made from Whales
Whaling in the 1800s is often remembered for tales of adventure, but men actually risked their lives throwing harpoons at huge animals because many useful products were obtained from the bodies of whales.
Whaling in the 1800s is often remembered for tales of adventure, but men actually risked their lives throwing harpoons at huge animals because many useful products were obtained from the bodies of whales.
US Fights the Barbary Pirates
The United States fought a naval war against North African pirates during the administration of Thomas Jefferson. For more than a decade, the young country had paid tribute to the pirates to allow American ships to proceed without being attacked, but Thomas Jefferson called a halt to the tribute payments. The US Navy, and the US Marines, fought the Barbary Pirates and eventually put an end to their days of attacking civilian ships.
The United States fought a naval war against North African pirates during the administration of Thomas Jefferson. For more than a decade, the young country had paid tribute to the pirates to allow American ships to proceed without being attacked, but Thomas Jefferson called a halt to the tribute payments. The US Navy, and the US Marines, fought the Barbary Pirates and eventually put an end to their days of attacking civilian ships.
1800s Presidential Campaigns
The presidential campaigns of the 1800s were often raucous affairs, with iconic personalities battling it out amidst backdrops of national crisis. The campaigns could be shockingly nasty, and some of the image making would not be greatly out of place today.
The presidential campaigns of the 1800s were often raucous affairs, with iconic personalities battling it out amidst backdrops of national crisis. The campaigns could be shockingly nasty, and some of the image making would not be greatly out of place today.
1820-1830 Timeline
The 1820s were a decade of exciting changes throughout the world. In Ireland, "The Liberator," Daniel O'Connell, passed his sweeping reforms. In the US, Andrew Jackson arrived from the frontier as the nation's president. The Erie Canal changed America profoundly, and in Wales the Menai Suspension Bridge brought in the era of great bridges.
The 1820s were a decade of exciting changes throughout the world. In Ireland, "The Liberator," Daniel O'Connell, passed his sweeping reforms. In the US, Andrew Jackson arrived from the frontier as the nation's president. The Erie Canal changed America profoundly, and in Wales the Menai Suspension Bridge brought in the era of great bridges.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Ralph Waldo Emerson was perhaps the most influential American writer of the 19th century, as his essays provoked controversy and thought and he influenced other writers such as Henry David Thoreau and Walt Whitman.
Ralph Waldo Emerson was perhaps the most influential American writer of the 19th century, as his essays provoked controversy and thought and he influenced other writers such as Henry David Thoreau and Walt Whitman.
Five Best Inaugural Addresses
Some of the best inaugural addresses in American history were delivered in the 19th century, as new presidents endeavored to steer the nation in new directions. Read about the five best inaugural addresses of the 1800s, some of which were spoken by unlikely presidents.
Some of the best inaugural addresses in American history were delivered in the 19th century, as new presidents endeavored to steer the nation in new directions. Read about the five best inaugural addresses of the 1800s, some of which were spoken by unlikely presidents.
Chief Justice John Marshall
In the earliest years of the United States, the Supreme Court was little more than a vague concept mentioned in the Constitution. But John Marshall, a Chief Justice nominated in the final months of the presidency of John Adams, would make the Supreme Court a powerful and co-equal branch of the federal government.
In the earliest years of the United States, the Supreme Court was little more than a vague concept mentioned in the Constitution. But John Marshall, a Chief Justice nominated in the final months of the presidency of John Adams, would make the Supreme Court a powerful and co-equal branch of the federal government.
The Brooklyn Bridge
New York's Brooklyn Bridge was the greatest engineering achievement of its era when it was finished in 1883. During its 14 years of construction skeptics thought it would collapse, but more than 125 years later, its a beautiful landmark and a very practical conveyance used by thousands of commuters everyday.
New York's Brooklyn Bridge was the greatest engineering achievement of its era when it was finished in 1883. During its 14 years of construction skeptics thought it would collapse, but more than 125 years later, its a beautiful landmark and a very practical conveyance used by thousands of commuters everyday.
Senator Stephen Douglas
Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois is best remembered for the famed Lincoln-Douglas debates, but he was also one of the most influential figures in the US government in the 1850s, and played a crucial role in legislation that propelled the United States toward the Civil War.
Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois is best remembered for the famed Lincoln-Douglas debates, but he was also one of the most influential figures in the US government in the 1850s, and played a crucial role in legislation that propelled the United States toward the Civil War.
Men Labored in Horrendous Conditions in the Caissons Under the Brooklyn Bridge
Much of the early work on the Brooklyn Bridge was invisible to the public, as it occurred underwater, in caissons, huge bottomless boxes sunk on the river bottom.
Much of the early work on the Brooklyn Bridge was invisible to the public, as it occurred underwater, in caissons, huge bottomless boxes sunk on the river bottom.
The Great Chicago Fire
The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 destroyed a major American city, making it one of the great disasters of the 19th century. And while the famous story of how the first was started when Mrs. O’Leary’s cow kicked over a lantern was certainly untrue, that legend stuck in the public mind and holds fast to this day.
The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 destroyed a major American city, making it one of the great disasters of the 19th century. And while the famous story of how the first was started when Mrs. O’Leary’s cow kicked over a lantern was certainly untrue, that legend stuck in the public mind and holds fast to this day.
Queen Victoria
Queen Victoria ruled Great Britain for six decades, and her life in some ways defined the 1800s.
Queen Victoria ruled Great Britain for six decades, and her life in some ways defined the 1800s.
Col. Myles Keogh of the 7th Cavalry Was Buried at the Little Bighorn Site
The body of Col. Myles Keogh was buried on the battlefield at the Little Bighorn.
The body of Col. Myles Keogh was buried on the battlefield at the Little Bighorn.
John Muir biography
Scottish-born John Muir was a strong advocate for the US National Parks. He explored in the western United States in the late 1800s and is always associated with California's Yosemite Valley. Muir's advocacy for conservation and his moving writings on the subject led to the conservation movement and was a major factor in the establishment of the United States National Parks.
Scottish-born John Muir was a strong advocate for the US National Parks. He explored in the western United States in the late 1800s and is always associated with California's Yosemite Valley. Muir's advocacy for conservation and his moving writings on the subject led to the conservation movement and was a major factor in the establishment of the United States National Parks.
Christening Ships
The tradition of christening news ships by breaking a bottle of champagne against the bow developed in the 19th century. By the late 1800s, ship christenings were elaborate public events, attended by many thousands. It was considered extremely important that the champagne bottle break on the first attempt, or the ship would be considered unlucky.
The tradition of christening news ships by breaking a bottle of champagne against the bow developed in the 19th century. By the late 1800s, ship christenings were elaborate public events, attended by many thousands. It was considered extremely important that the champagne bottle break on the first attempt, or the ship would be considered unlucky.
Portrayals of Custer's Demise Were Generally Dramatic
George Armstrong Custer's death at the Little Bighorn was generally portrayed in very glorious depictions by artists who were not, of course, witnesses to the actual scene.
George Armstrong Custer's death at the Little Bighorn was generally portrayed in very glorious depictions by artists who were not, of course, witnesses to the actual scene.
Creation of the National Parks
The early conservation movement in America grew from the writings of Emerson and Thoreau, and steadily gained traction throughout the mid-1800s until the desire to preserve vast tracts of wilderness led to the creation of the first National Park at Yellowstone.
The early conservation movement in America grew from the writings of Emerson and Thoreau, and steadily gained traction throughout the mid-1800s until the desire to preserve vast tracts of wilderness led to the creation of the first National Park at Yellowstone.
Florence Nightingale
The British nurse Florence Nightingale gained fame while serving in the Crimea, where she became known as "The Lady With the Lamp." She reformed the nursing profession, and campaigned for sanitary practices that saved many lives.
The British nurse Florence Nightingale gained fame while serving in the Crimea, where she became known as "The Lady With the Lamp." She reformed the nursing profession, and campaigned for sanitary practices that saved many lives.
Election of 1884
The election of 1884 was notable for mudslinging, as one candidate was accused of fathering a child out of wedlock and the other was suspected of being involved in stock market scandals. Grover Cleveland eventually defeated James G. Blaine, becoming the first Democrat to win a presidential election in more than a quarter-century.
The election of 1884 was notable for mudslinging, as one candidate was accused of fathering a child out of wedlock and the other was suspected of being involved in stock market scandals. Grover Cleveland eventually defeated James G. Blaine, becoming the first Democrat to win a presidential election in more than a quarter-century.
American System
Definition of American System
Definition of American System
John Brown
John Brown remains one of the most controversial figures of the 19th century. A fanatical abolitionist, he was fixated on using violence to eradicate slavery, killing pro-slavery settlers in Kansas before leading an audacious raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859. Brown was hanged and his martyrdom helped inflame tensions and led to the American Civil War.
John Brown remains one of the most controversial figures of the 19th century. A fanatical abolitionist, he was fixated on using violence to eradicate slavery, killing pro-slavery settlers in Kansas before leading an audacious raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859. Brown was hanged and his martyrdom helped inflame tensions and led to the American Civil War.
Giuseppe Garibaldi
The Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi became an international celebrity even before he succeeded in uniting Italy.
The Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi became an international celebrity even before he succeeded in uniting Italy.
The Crimean War
The Crimean War of 1854-56 was waged by allies Britain and France against Russia, and was provoked over obscure reasons. The conflict was marked by incompetence and waste of life, and is perhaps most famous for a poem written about a great blunder, "The Charge of the Light Brigade."
The Crimean War of 1854-56 was waged by allies Britain and France against Russia, and was provoked over obscure reasons. The conflict was marked by incompetence and waste of life, and is perhaps most famous for a poem written about a great blunder, "The Charge of the Light Brigade."
19th Century Christmas
The history of Christmas celebrations really began in the 19th century, when Santa Claus and Christmas trees became popular thanks to such characters as Clement Clarke Moore, Washington Irving, Prince Albert, Queen Victoria, cartoonist Thomas Nast, and President Benjamin Harrison.
The history of Christmas celebrations really began in the 19th century, when Santa Claus and Christmas trees became popular thanks to such characters as Clement Clarke Moore, Washington Irving, Prince Albert, Queen Victoria, cartoonist Thomas Nast, and President Benjamin Harrison.
1810-1820 Timeline
The decade from 1810 to 1820 was marked by the Battle of Waterloo, the British burning the White House, Francis Scott Key writing the Star-Spangled Banner, and a peculiar weather event known as "The Year Without a Summer."
The decade from 1810 to 1820 was marked by the Battle of Waterloo, the British burning the White House, Francis Scott Key writing the Star-Spangled Banner, and a peculiar weather event known as "The Year Without a Summer."
John and Abigail Adams Books
John and Abigail Adams left an indelible mark on the 18th century, but readers did not fully comprehend the depth of their relationship until the publication of their letters in the 1840s.
John and Abigail Adams left an indelible mark on the 18th century, but readers did not fully comprehend the depth of their relationship until the publication of their letters in the 1840s.
Supernatural 19th Century
The morning after he was elected president Abraham Lincoln saw a weird and scary vision of himself in a mirror. His wife Mary took it to mean he would die in office.
The morning after he was elected president Abraham Lincoln saw a weird and scary vision of himself in a mirror. His wife Mary took it to mean he would die in office.
Five Worst Inaugural Addresses
American presidents delivered brilliant inaugural addresses in the 1800s, but some presidents stand out for having delivered the worst. Herewith the five worst inaugural address of the 19th century.
American presidents delivered brilliant inaugural addresses in the 1800s, but some presidents stand out for having delivered the worst. Herewith the five worst inaugural address of the 19th century.
The Statue of Liberty Was Fully Assembled in Paris
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
Custer's Last Fight, a Typical Depiction
Custer was generally portrayed as facing death bravely, such as in this print from the 19th century.
Custer was generally portrayed as facing death bravely, such as in this print from the 19th century.
The Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address by Abraham Lincoln is often quoted, especially the conclusion referring to government "of the people, by the people, and for the people." Lincoln's words are regarded as a classic document in American history. The speech is brief, yet Lincoln put a lot of thought into it. As the Civil War had turned into a long and very costly struggle, Lincoln felt the need to express, in nearly mythic terms, why the war was being fought.
The Gettysburg Address by Abraham Lincoln is often quoted, especially the conclusion referring to government "of the people, by the people, and for the people." Lincoln's words are regarded as a classic document in American history. The speech is brief, yet Lincoln put a lot of thought into it. As the Civil War had turned into a long and very costly struggle, Lincoln felt the need to express, in nearly mythic terms, why the war was being fought.
1840-1850 Timeline
The 1840s were marked by the Mexican War, the discovery of gold in California, and the launch of the ill-fated Franklin Expedition.
The 1840s were marked by the Mexican War, the discovery of gold in California, and the launch of the ill-fated Franklin Expedition.
Aaron Burr Biograhy
Aaron Burr was constantly drawn to controversy, and his shooting of Alexander Hamilton in a duel is only part of his peculiar life story. Burr was involved in one of the most controversial presidential elections in American history, served unhappily as vice president to Thomas Jefferson, and after shooting Hamilton he embarked on an expedition to the west that led to him being charged with treason.
Aaron Burr was constantly drawn to controversy, and his shooting of Alexander Hamilton in a duel is only part of his peculiar life story. Burr was involved in one of the most controversial presidential elections in American history, served unhappily as vice president to Thomas Jefferson, and after shooting Hamilton he embarked on an expedition to the west that led to him being charged with treason.
First National Park
The first National Park was Yellowstone, a magnificent wilderness set aside in 1872 to be preserved and protected.
The first National Park was Yellowstone, a magnificent wilderness set aside in 1872 to be preserved and protected.
Peter Cooper's Tom Thumb Races a Horse
The locomotive Tom Thumb was being demonstrated in late August 1830 when Cooper was challenged to race his steam powered vehicle against a horse.
The locomotive Tom Thumb was being demonstrated in late August 1830 when Cooper was challenged to race his steam powered vehicle against a horse.
Lincoln at Cooper Union
Lincoln's Cooper Union Address, the New York City speech that propelled the Illinois lawyer to the White House: when he took the stage at Cooper Union in New York City and faced an audience of 1,500 curious spectators he became an instant star. The Cooper Union Address was a major step on Lincoln's path to the presidency.
Lincoln's Cooper Union Address, the New York City speech that propelled the Illinois lawyer to the White House: when he took the stage at Cooper Union in New York City and faced an audience of 1,500 curious spectators he became an instant star. The Cooper Union Address was a major step on Lincoln's path to the presidency.
The Statue of Liberty Was Finally Assembled in 1886
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
Gigantic Anchorage Structures Held the Four Massive Suspension Cables
This image of the Brooklyn anchorage of the Brooklyn Bridge illustrate what actually made the bridge work: enormous cables anchored at either end would carry the weight of the roadway.
This image of the Brooklyn anchorage of the Brooklyn Bridge illustrate what actually made the bridge work: enormous cables anchored at either end would carry the weight of the roadway.
First Political Conventions
The first national political conventions in America took place prior to the presidential election of 1832. And the distinction of holding the first political party convention actually belongs to a long-forgotten political movement in America, the Anti-Masonic Party, which convened in Baltimore in late 1831.
The first national political conventions in America took place prior to the presidential election of 1832. And the distinction of holding the first political party convention actually belongs to a long-forgotten political movement in America, the Anti-Masonic Party, which convened in Baltimore in late 1831.
Electric Christmas Lights
The introduction of electric Christmas lights in the 1880s was due to Edward Johnson, a friend and business associate of Thomas Edison. Johnson's family Christmas tree was the first to feature electric lights, and newspapers of the day marveled over his innovation.
The introduction of electric Christmas lights in the 1880s was due to Edward Johnson, a friend and business associate of Thomas Edison. Johnson's family Christmas tree was the first to feature electric lights, and newspapers of the day marveled over his innovation.
The Head of the Statue of Liberty was Displayed in 1878
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
The National Road
The National Road was constructed from western Maryland to Ohio in the early decades of the 19th century, and was the forerunner of the federal highway system. The original plan was to make travel to the west, especially the new state of Ohio, practical. The road eventually reached Indiana, and was eventually modernized as part of the national highway system in the 20th century.
The National Road was constructed from western Maryland to Ohio in the early decades of the 19th century, and was the forerunner of the federal highway system. The original plan was to make travel to the west, especially the new state of Ohio, practical. The road eventually reached Indiana, and was eventually modernized as part of the national highway system in the 20th century.
Abolitionist
Definition of abolitionist.
Definition of abolitionist.
John Tyler Becomes President
The office of the vice presidency was considered a minor job with few clearly defined duties. But in 1841 the job became important when William Henry Harrison died after a month in office and John Tyler became the first vice president to ascend to the presidency upon the death of a president.
The office of the vice presidency was considered a minor job with few clearly defined duties. But in 1841 the job became important when William Henry Harrison died after a month in office and John Tyler became the first vice president to ascend to the presidency upon the death of a president.
Brunel's Steamships
The steamships Great Western, Great Britain, and Great Eastern were three revolutionary steamships designed and built by the brilliant British engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel. Each ship advanced the technology of steam power and while the ships had troubled histories, their contributions to the history of the 19th century and of ships in general are considerable.
The steamships Great Western, Great Britain, and Great Eastern were three revolutionary steamships designed and built by the brilliant British engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel. Each ship advanced the technology of steam power and while the ships had troubled histories, their contributions to the history of the 19th century and of ships in general are considerable.
A Celebration on the Union Pacific
When the Union Pacific railroad reached the 100th meridian a special excursion train brought dignitaries out to the point on the prairie to make the occasion.
When the Union Pacific railroad reached the 100th meridian a special excursion train brought dignitaries out to the point on the prairie to make the occasion.
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln has been discussed, debated, and written about perhaps more than any other figure from the 19th century. His personality was distinctly American, and his accomplishments may well have saved the United States.
Abraham Lincoln has been discussed, debated, and written about perhaps more than any other figure from the 19th century. His personality was distinctly American, and his accomplishments may well have saved the United States.
John Bull Locomotive With Cars
This photograph of the John Bull locomotive and its cars was taken in the late 1800s, but this is how the train would have looked while in service decades earlier.
This photograph of the John Bull locomotive and its cars was taken in the late 1800s, but this is how the train would have looked while in service decades earlier.
Was Moby Dick Real?
When Herman Melville wrote his classic novel Moby Dick, he based the character of the white whale on a real animal, a white whale often sighted in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America.
When Herman Melville wrote his classic novel Moby Dick, he based the character of the white whale on a real animal, a white whale often sighted in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America.
Roebling's Great Dream for the World's Largest Bridge
Drawings of the Brooklyn Bridge were first produced by John A. Roebling as early as the 1850s. This print, which dates to the mid-1860s, shows the Brooklyn Bridge "as contemplated."
Drawings of the Brooklyn Bridge were first produced by John A. Roebling as early as the 1850s. This print, which dates to the mid-1860s, shows the Brooklyn Bridge "as contemplated."
Margaret Fuller
Margaret Fuller was an early feminist writer and editor and an important member of the New England Transcendentalist circle. She counted among her friends Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and Nathaniel Hawthorne. Following her stint editing The Dial, the magazine of the transcendentalists, she worked as a correspondent for Horace Greeley's New York Tribune, covering New York City and later sending dispatches from revolutions in Europe.
Margaret Fuller was an early feminist writer and editor and an important member of the New England Transcendentalist circle. She counted among her friends Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and Nathaniel Hawthorne. Following her stint editing The Dial, the magazine of the transcendentalists, she worked as a correspondent for Horace Greeley's New York Tribune, covering New York City and later sending dispatches from revolutions in Europe.
The Noted Battlefield Artist Alfred Waud Portrayed Custer Facing Death Bravely
The noted battlefield artist Alfred Waud, portrayed Custer facing death bravely in a drawing which was, of course, not drawn from experience.
The noted battlefield artist Alfred Waud, portrayed Custer facing death bravely in a drawing which was, of course, not drawn from experience.
Frederick Douglass Biography
The life story of Frederick Douglass is in many ways emblematic of the struggle of slaves and former slaves in 19th century America. Douglas escaped from slavery, became a noted activist and author, and was the most influential African-American leader in the 1800s.
The life story of Frederick Douglass is in many ways emblematic of the struggle of slaves and former slaves in 19th century America. Douglas escaped from slavery, became a noted activist and author, and was the most influential African-American leader in the 1800s.
Henry David Thoreau
Henry David Thoreau is one of the most beloved and influential writers of the 19th century. As an eloquent voice advocating simple living and thrift, Thoreau stands in contrast to his times.
Henry David Thoreau is one of the most beloved and influential writers of the 19th century. As an eloquent voice advocating simple living and thrift, Thoreau stands in contrast to his times.
Custer, Officers, and Family Members Pose on the Great Plains
George Armstrong Custer took to life on the Great Plains, and often enjoyed elaborate hunting expeditions, such as the one portrayed in this vintage photograph.
George Armstrong Custer took to life on the Great Plains, and often enjoyed elaborate hunting expeditions, such as the one portrayed in this vintage photograph.
Era of Good Feelings
Definition of Era of Good Feelings
Definition of Era of Good Feelings
Rise of the Locomotive Industry
The Danforth Cooke Locomotive works in Paterson, New Jersey, from a print made in the mid-1800s.
The Danforth Cooke Locomotive works in Paterson, New Jersey, from a print made in the mid-1800s.
Sitting Bull Was a Respected Leader of the Sioux
Sitting Bull was the leader of the Sioux at the time of Custer's encounter with the war parties at the Little Bighorn.
Sitting Bull was the leader of the Sioux at the time of Custer's encounter with the war parties at the Little Bighorn.
Knights of Labor
Definition of Knights of Labor
Definition of Knights of Labor
Custer's Last Stand was Portrayed on a Cigarette Trading Card
Custer's Last Stand became a potent symbol in America, and even before it was immortalized in many western movies, it made its appearance on a cigarette trading card.
Custer's Last Stand became a potent symbol in America, and even before it was immortalized in many western movies, it made its appearance on a cigarette trading card.
A Massacre in 1867 Introduces Custer to the Brutality of Warfare on the Plains
In 1867 Custer saw the result of an Indian attack on a small party of cavalryman.
In 1867 Custer saw the result of an Indian attack on a small party of cavalryman.
The Poet Walt Whitman Wrote a Death Sonnet About Custer
The great American poet Walt Whitman was moved by Custer's death, and wrote a death sonnet about the fallen cavalry commander.
The great American poet Walt Whitman was moved by Custer's death, and wrote a death sonnet about the fallen cavalry commander.
Cartoon Mocking the Delay in Building the Statue's Base
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
Rioting Mobs Burned Federal Offices During the New York Draft Riots
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin was undoubtedly one of the most influential people of the 19th century, and his influence on science and society itself is profound. And while his work can still create controversy today, Darwin himself led a quiet and studious life.
Charles Darwin was undoubtedly one of the most influential people of the 19th century, and his influence on science and society itself is profound. And while his work can still create controversy today, Darwin himself led a quiet and studious life.
Funds Were Raised, and the Statue's Pedestal Was Built
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
Mrs. O'Leary's Cow
When the great Chicago Fire broke out in 1871 a rumor immediately spread that a cow belonging to a Mrs. O'Leary had kicked over a kerosene lantern and started the inferno. Was the legendary tale of Mrs. O'Leary's cow true?
When the great Chicago Fire broke out in 1871 a rumor immediately spread that a cow belonging to a Mrs. O'Leary had kicked over a kerosene lantern and started the inferno. Was the legendary tale of Mrs. O'Leary's cow true?
The John Bull
The John Bull was a locomotive built in England and brought to America in 1831 for service in New Jersey. The locomotive was amazingly durable, and while superseded by larger locomotives, it remained operable for decades. This photograph was taken in 1893.
The John Bull was a locomotive built in England and brought to America in 1831 for service in New Jersey. The locomotive was amazingly durable, and while superseded by larger locomotives, it remained operable for decades. This photograph was taken in 1893.
The Brooklyn Bridge's Temporary Footbridge Fascinated the Public
Images such as this, of the Brooklyn Bridge's temporary footbridge, fascinated the public in the 1870s.
Images such as this, of the Brooklyn Bridge's temporary footbridge, fascinated the public in the 1870s.
The New York Tribune was Attacked by Rioters in 1863
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The Brooklyn Bridge Under Construction
This stereograph card shows the towers of the Brooklyn Bridge before the four massive suspension cables were strung between them.
This stereograph card shows the towers of the Brooklyn Bridge before the four massive suspension cables were strung between them.
General Tom Thumb
Society in the 1800s was fascinated by Charles Sherwood Stratton, who was discovered by the famed showman Phineas Barnum and promoted as General Tom Thumb. In a career spanning 40 years, Tom Thumb performed across the US and Europe, met Queen Victoria and President Lincoln, and sold an estimated 20 million tickets.
Society in the 1800s was fascinated by Charles Sherwood Stratton, who was discovered by the famed showman Phineas Barnum and promoted as General Tom Thumb. In a career spanning 40 years, Tom Thumb performed across the US and Europe, met Queen Victoria and President Lincoln, and sold an estimated 20 million tickets.
Whig Party
Definition of the Whig Party, an American political party.
Definition of the Whig Party, an American political party.
The Locomotive General Haupt
The locomotive General Haupt, photographed at Alexandria, Virginia in 1863.
The locomotive General Haupt, photographed at Alexandria, Virginia in 1863.
Why Lewis and Clark Explored
The reasons why the Lewis and Clark Expedition crossed North America are varied. Scholars of the expedition can cite several legitimate reasons that prompted President Thomas Jefferson to dispatch Meriwether Lewis, William Clark, and the "Corps of Discovery."
The reasons why the Lewis and Clark Expedition crossed North America are varied. Scholars of the expedition can cite several legitimate reasons that prompted President Thomas Jefferson to dispatch Meriwether Lewis, William Clark, and the "Corps of Discovery."
The Rioting Mobs Burned the Colored Orphan's Asylum
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The Statue was Built in Bartholdi's Paris Workshop
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
The Sucess of the Great Bridge Made It a Popular Image in Advertisements
This advertisement indicates how businesses wanted to associate themselves with the Brooklyn Bridge, which was considered the greatest engineering achievement of its time.
This advertisement indicates how businesses wanted to associate themselves with the Brooklyn Bridge, which was considered the greatest engineering achievement of its time.
Horace Greeley
Horace Greeley, founded and editor of the New York Tribune, was one of the most influential Americans of the 1800s. He battled against slavery, supported various reform causes, and even ran as a major candidate for president.
Horace Greeley, founded and editor of the New York Tribune, was one of the most influential Americans of the 1800s. He battled against slavery, supported various reform causes, and even ran as a major candidate for president.
Locomotive with President Lincoln's Car
The locomotive W.H. Whiton with the car of the President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln, photographed in January 1865.
The locomotive W.H. Whiton with the car of the President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln, photographed in January 1865.
Lincoln's Private Rail Car
The private rail car designed for President Lincoln, which was used as his funeral car.
The private rail car designed for President Lincoln, which was used as his funeral car.
Slave Narratives Emerge
The astonishing emergence and publication of two newly discovered slave narratives, as a book titled A Slave No More by David W. Blight, are a dramatic reminder of the power of the autobiographies of escaped or freed slaves.
The astonishing emergence and publication of two newly discovered slave narratives, as a book titled A Slave No More by David W. Blight, are a dramatic reminder of the power of the autobiographies of escaped or freed slaves.
Across the Continent by Currier & Ives
In the fanciful print by Currier & Ives the railroad heads westward.
In the fanciful print by Currier & Ives the railroad heads westward.
Fugitive Slave Act
Definition of Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
Definition of Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
Constructing the Cables on the Brooklyn Bridge was Exacting and Perilous
The work of suspending the cables on the Brooklyn Bridge had to be precise and it was complicated by being done high up on the bridge, in all kinds of weather.
The work of suspending the cables on the Brooklyn Bridge had to be precise and it was complicated by being done high up on the bridge, in all kinds of weather.
The Draft Riots May Have Cost Hundreds of Lives
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
New York Celebrated as the 69th Regiment Left for War
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
Charles Stewart Parnell
Charles Stewart Parnell was one of the most remarkable figures in Irish politics in the 19th century. He was from a wealthy Protestant family yet became a hero to the oppressed Catholics. Elected to the British Parliament, he showed great brilliance, and was eventually brought down by personal scandal.
Charles Stewart Parnell was one of the most remarkable figures in Irish politics in the 19th century. He was from a wealthy Protestant family yet became a hero to the oppressed Catholics. Elected to the British Parliament, he showed great brilliance, and was eventually brought down by personal scandal.
Abraham Lincoln Rode to His Inauguration With President James Buchanan
Abraham Lincoln rode to his inauguration with the outgoing chief executive, President James Buchanan.
Abraham Lincoln rode to his inauguration with the outgoing chief executive, President James Buchanan.
The 1863 Draft Riots Were Fueled by Racial Resentment
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
Irish Brigade
The Union Army's Irish Brigade fought in the Civil War battles of Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Gettysburg. The brigade consisted of three New York regiment and a Massachusetts regiment, and it was led by an exiled Irish revolutionary, Thomas Francis Meagher.
The Union Army's Irish Brigade fought in the Civil War battles of Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Gettysburg. The brigade consisted of three New York regiment and a Massachusetts regiment, and it was led by an exiled Irish revolutionary, Thomas Francis Meagher.
A Civil War Railroad Bridge
The Potomac Run Bridge railroad bridge in the Civil War, photographed in 1862.
The Potomac Run Bridge railroad bridge in the Civil War, photographed in 1862.
The 69th Regiment Sailed from New York to Virginia
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The Cost of War
A locomotive in Richmond in 1865 shows the destruction wrought by the war.
A locomotive in Richmond in 1865 shows the destruction wrought by the war.
The Statue's Steel Structure Was Designed by Eiffel
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
The Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the United States, rose above New York harbor in 1886 and became a welcoming symbol to immigrants arriving from around the world.
Menai Suspension Bridge
The treacherous Menai Strait between Wales and Anglesey was bridged by the brilliant engineer Thomas Telford in the 1820s. His Menai Strait Bridge was an early suspension bridge which used iron chains to support its roadway.
The treacherous Menai Strait between Wales and Anglesey was bridged by the brilliant engineer Thomas Telford in the 1820s. His Menai Strait Bridge was an early suspension bridge which used iron chains to support its roadway.
William Henry Harrison Caught a Fatal Cold on Inauguration Day
The inauguration of William Henry Harrison would have tragic consequences, as the new president caught a cold which turned into pneumonia and he died after merely one month in office.
The inauguration of William Henry Harrison would have tragic consequences, as the new president caught a cold which turned into pneumonia and he died after merely one month in office.
Antebellum Era
Definition of Antebellum.
Definition of Antebellum.
Custer's Exploits Portayed on a Cigarette Card
Custer became an American icon after his death.
Custer became an American icon after his death.
Classic Irish History Books
Classic books by 19th century Irish historians are available for free on the web by accessing these convenient links.
Classic books by 19th century Irish historians are available for free on the web by accessing these convenient links.
Lincoln Defended the Draft Following the Riots in New York
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
The streets of New York erupted in shocking violence for several days in July 1863 in what became known as the New York City Draft Riots. The federal government instituting conscription for the army during the Civil War was the root cause, though other factors, such as racial and ethnic strife, certainly played a part. This gallery of images documents the horrors of the Draft Riots, in which buildings were burned and hundreds of people were killed or wounded.
Explorer and Slave York
The legendary Lewis and Clark Expedition, which crossed North America to the Pacific Ocean and back from 1804 to 1806, included one participant who was a slave. Learn about York, the "servant" of Capt. William Clark, the co-leader of the expedition.
The legendary Lewis and Clark Expedition, which crossed North America to the Pacific Ocean and back from 1804 to 1806, included one participant who was a slave. Learn about York, the "servant" of Capt. William Clark, the co-leader of the expedition.
Stepping Onto the Temporary Footbridge of the Brooklyn Bridge Took Nerve
Stepping onto this temporary wooden walkway connecting the towers of the Brooklyn Bridge required nerves of steel.
Stepping onto this temporary wooden walkway connecting the towers of the Brooklyn Bridge required nerves of steel.
Lithograph of the Great East River Bridge
This color lithograph of the newly opened Brooklyn Bridge is titled "The Great East River Bridge."
This color lithograph of the newly opened Brooklyn Bridge is titled "The Great East River Bridge."